NET Framework Wikipedia

In November 2014, Microsoft also produced an update to its patent grants, which further extends the scope beyond its prior pledges. Prior projects like Mono existed in a legal grey area because Microsoft’s earlier grants applied only to the technology in “covered specifications”, including strictly the 4th editions each of ECMA-334 and ECMA-335. This allows Mono and other projects to maintain feature parity with modern .NET features that have been introduced since the 4th edition was published without being at risk of patent litigation over the implementation of those features. The new grant does maintain the restriction that any implementation must maintain minimum compliance with the mandatory parts of the CLI specification.

However, this did not apply to the part of the .NET Framework not covered by ECMA-ISO standards, which included Windows Forms, ADO.NET, and ASP.NET. Patents that Microsoft holds in these areas may have deterred non-Microsoft implementations of the full framework. Server-side processing with .NET5 25th Oct 2021 David Suescun Pelegay continues to update his server-side processing library for .NET – now with full support for .NET5 and Swagger documentation. Find occupations using your current and/or future soft skills. Hot technologies are software and technology skills frequently included in employer job postings. Find, search, or browse across 900+ occupations based on your goals and needs. Then use comprehensive reports to learn about requirements, characteristics, and available opportunities for your selected occupation.

Common Language Runtime

The source code repository became available online on January 16, 2008, and included BCL, ASP.NET, ADO.NET, Windows Forms, WPF, and XML. Scott Guthrie of Microsoft promised that LINQ, WCF, and WF libraries were being added. The official community mascot of .NET is the .NET Bot (stylized as “dotnet bot” or “dotnet-bot”). The dotnet bot served as the placeholder developer for the initial check-in of the .NET source code when it was open-sourced.

The public key token identifies which private key an assembly is signed with. Only the creator of the key pair can sign assemblies that have the same strong name as a prior version assembly, since the creator possesses the private key.

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Since then, Microsoft has changed .NET development to more closely follow a contemporary model of a community-developed software project, including issuing an update to its patent promising to address the concerns. CLR frees the developer from the burden of managing memory ; it handles memory management itself by detecting when memory can be safely freed. Instantiations of .NET types are allocated from the managed heap; a pool of memory managed by CLR. As long as a reference to an object exists, which may be either direct, or via a graph of objects, the object is considered to be in use. When no reference to an object exists, and it cannot be reached or used, it becomes garbage, eligible for collection.

• Assemblies compiled using the C++/CLI compiler are termed mixed-mode assemblies since they contain native and managed code in the same DLL.
• The .NET Framework (pronounced as “dot net”) is a proprietary software framework developed by Microsoft that runs primarily on Microsoft Windows.
• Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on levels of education, experience, and training necessary to perform the occupation.
• It includes support for ASP.NET, ADO.NET, and Windows Forms libraries for a wide range of architectures and operating systems.
• Server-side processing with .NET5 25th Oct 2021 David Suescun Pelegay continues to update his server-side processing library for .NET – now with full support for .NET5 and Swagger documentation.
• Private feeds can be maintained separately, e.g., by a build server or a file system directory.
• The project is primarily developed by Microsoft employees by way of the .NET Foundation, and released under the MIT License.

However, starting with .NET Framework 4.0, the Dynamic Language Runtime extended the CLR, allowing dynamically typed languages to be implemented atop the CLI. Microsoft’s press release highlights that the cross-platform commitment now allows for a fully open-source, modern server-side .NET stack. Microsoft released the source code for WPF, Windows Forms and WinUI on December 4, 2018. The .NET Foundation provides several services to support the open source projects in our community and help them grow.

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It includes a small version of CLR and supports development in C# (though some developers were able to use VB.NET, albeit with an amount of hacking, and with limited functionalities) and debugging , both using Microsoft Visual Studio. It also features a subset of .NET Framework Class Library , a GUI framework loosely based on WPF, and additional libraries specific to embedded applications.

• BCL classes are available in .NET Framework as well as its alternative implementations including .NET Compact Framework, Microsoft Silverlight, .NET Core and Mono.
• These include references to static objects, objects defined as local variables or method parameters currently in scope, and objects referred to by CPU registers.
• Réseaux IP Européens(RIPE, French for “European IP Networks”) is a forum open to all parties interested in wide area IP networks.
• It addresses the patent concerns related to the .NET Framework.
• The official community mascot of .NET is the .NET Bot (stylized as “dotnet bot” or “dotnet-bot”).

The foundation also lists a number of presentations, workshops, e-books and tutorials from the community. Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on levels of education, experience, and training necessary to perform the occupation. Réseaux IP Européens(RIPE, French for “European IP Networks”) is a forum open to all parties interested in wide area IP networks. The objective of RIPE is to ensure the administrative and technical coordination necessary to enable the operation of the Internet. We distribute Internet number resources to our members and provide tools to help them manage their allocations and assignments.

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It serves as the execution engine of .NET Framework and offers many services such as memory management, type safety, exception handling, garbage collection, security and thread management. All programs written for .NET Framework are executed by the CLR. Microsoft submitted the specifications for CLI , C#, and C++/CLI to both Ecma International and International Organization for Standardization , making them available as official standards. This makes it possible for third parties to create compatible implementations of the framework and its languages on other platforms. Because of this feature, .NET Framework supports the exchange of types and object instances between libraries and applications written using any conforming .NET language. With the introduction of alternative implementations (e.g., Silverlight), Microsoft introduced the concept of Portable Class Libraries allowing a consuming library to run on more than one platform.

Each .NET application has a set of roots, which are pointers to objects on the managed heap . These include references to static objects, objects defined as local variables or method parameters currently in scope, and objects referred to by CPU registers. When GC runs, it pauses the application and then, for each object referred to in the root, it recursively enumerates all the objects reachable from the root objects and marks them as reachable.

In case the CPU lacks support for those extensions, the instructions are simulated in software. CTS and the CLR used in .NET Framework also enforce type safety. This prevents ill-defined casts, wrong method invocations, and memory size issues when accessing an object.

To speed up the first launch, developers may use the Native Image Generator utility to manually ahead-of-time compile and cache any .NET application. A private key can also be used by the creator of the assembly for strong naming.